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Assessing gonadal hormone contributions to affective psychopathologies across humans and animal models.
[congenital adrenal hyperplasia]
Despite
increasing
acknowledgement
of
hormonal
contributions
to
mood
and
anxiety
disorders
,
the
underlying
mechanisms
by
which
gonadal
hormones
influence
psychopathology-related
behaviours
remain
unknown
.
This
review
focuses
on
recent
research
that
examines
the
influence
of
gonadal
steroid
hormones
,
including
androgens
,
oestrogens
,
and
progesterone
,
on
mood
and
anxiety
-related
behaviours
in
human
health
and
disease
.
To
this
aim
,
the
literature
was
surveyed
for
studies
that
assess
conditions
with
suspected
underlying
hormonal
imbalances
in
otherwise
healthy
participants
(
e
.
g
.
,
premenstrual
dysphoric
disorder
,
postmenopausal
depression
)
as
well
as
conditions
linked
to
congenital
endocrine
abnormalities
(
e
.
g
.
,
Turner
Syndrome
,
Klinefelter
Syndrome
,
polycystic
ovary
syndrome
,
congenital
adrenal
hyperplasia
,
familial
male
precocious
puberty
,
androgen
insensitivity
syndrome
)
.
Furthermore
,
to
better
inform
clinical
work
and
to
create
a
translational
bridge
,
a
second
goal
was
to
set
human
psychopathologies
and
animal
models
of
these
conditions
side-
by
-side
.
In
the
second
part
of
the
review
,
based
on
consistencies
revealed
in
the
existing
literature
across
conditions
,
a
new
model
for
the
impact
of
gonadal
hormones
on
anxious
and
depressed
behavioural
states
is
proposed
.
Finally
,
we
conclude
by
proposing
directions
for
future
research
,
including
the
development
of
specific
tasks
suitable
for
cross-species
comparisons
to
increase
our
knowledge
of
the
role
of
gonadal
hormones
in
mood
and
anxiety
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"anxiety-related"
symptom
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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