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Immunogenic modulation of cholangiocarcinoma cells by chemoimmunotherapy.
[cholangiocarcinoma]
Chemoimmunotherapy
has
been
used
to
treat
intrahepatic
cholangiocarcinoma
(
ICC
)
.
However
,
little
is
known
about
the
phenomena
underlying
the
immunomodulation
of
ICC
cells
elicited
by
chemoimmunotherapy
.
Primary
ICC
cells
from
a
patient
with
ICC
who
received
gemcitabine
followed
by
5
-
fluorouracil
(
5
-
FU
)
,
both
combined
with
dendritic
cells
pulsed
with
Wilms
'
tumor
1
(
WT
1
)
peptides
were
cultured
.
ICC
cells
were
treated
with
gemcitabine
,
5
-
FU
or
interferon
(
IFN
)
-
γ
in
vitro
.
The
phenotype
of
the
ICC
cells
was
examined
by
flow
cytometry
and
quantitative
reverse
transcription
polymerase
chain
reaction
.
Stimulation
of
the
ICC
cells
with
gemcitabine
resulted
in
up-regulation
of
WT
1
mRNA
,
programmed
death
receptor
ligand-
1
(
PDL
1
)
and
calreticulin
.
Gemcitabine
,
5
-
FU
and
IFN-γ
induced
up-regulation
of
mucin-
1
.
Moreover
,
human
leukocyte
antigen
(
HLA
)
-
ABC
,
HLA-
DR
and
PDL
1
were
extremely
up-regulated
by
IFN-γ
.
Chemoimmunomodulating
agents
alter
the
immunogenicity
of
ICC
cells
,
resulting
in
complex
clinical
efficacy
results
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma"
symptom
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
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