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Heavy and trace metals in carcinoma of the gallbladder.
[carcinoma of the gallbladder]
Carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
is
the
commonest
malignancy
of
the
biliary
tract
in
northern
India
The
etiologic
relation
of
specific
metals
(
heavy
and
trace
)
and
their
compounds
to
neoplasia
has
been
a
topic
of
investigation
for
some
time
but
not
adequately
described
for
carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
.
The
aim
of
the
present
study
was
to
evaluate
the
relation
of
heavy
and
trace
metals
to
this
malignancy
.
The
levels
of
selenium
,
zinc
,
copper
,
manganese
,
cadmium
,
chromium
,
lead
,
and
nickel
were
estimated
in
serum
,
bile
,
gallstones
,
and
gallbladder
tissue
using
atomic
absorption
spectrophotometry
.
The
tests
were
carried
out
in
30
patients
with
gallbladder
cancer
and
30
sex-matched
patients
with
cholelithiasis
.
Selenium
and
zinc
levels
were
significantly
reduced
(
p
<
0
.
001
)
and
copper
concentration
was
found
to
be
significantly
higher
(
p
<
0
.
001
)
in
serum
,
bile
,
and
gallbladder
tissue
from
patients
with
carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
.
Lead
,
cadmium
,
chromium
,
and
nickel
levels
were
elevated
in
serum
and
bile
in
patients
with
carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
.
The
present
study
demonstrated
a
significant
decrease
in
serum
,
biliary
,
and
tissue
levels
of
selenium
and
zinc
but
increased
copper
,
lead
,
cadmium
,
chromium
,
and
nickel
levels
in
patients
with
carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
,
indicating
a
strong
relation
between
the
concentrations
of
these
metals
and
gallbladder
cancer
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"gallbladder tissue"
symptom
carcinoma of the gallbladder
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