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Impact of regional cortical and subcortical changes on processing speed in cerebral small vessel disease.
[cadasil]
Slowed
processing
speed
is
common
in
elderly
subjects
and
frequently
related
to
cerebral
small
vessel
disease
.
Previous
studies
have
demonstrated
associations
between
processing
speed
and
subcortical
ischemic
lesions
as
well
as
cortical
alterations
but
the
precise
functional
-anatomical
relationships
remain
poorly
understood
.
Here
we
assessed
the
impact
of
both
cortical
and
subcortical
changes
on
processing
speed
by
measuring
regional
cortical
thickness
and
regional
lesion
volumes
within
distinct
white
-matter
tracts
.
To
limit
confounding
effects
from
age-related
pathologies
we
studied
patients
with
CADASIL
,
a
genetic
small
vessel
disease
.
General
linear
model
analysis
revealed
significant
associations
between
cortical
thickness
in
the
medial
frontal
and
occipito-
temporal
cortex
and
processing
speed
.
Bayesian
network
analysis
showed
a
robust
conditional
dependency
between
the
volume
of
lacunar
lesions
in
the
left
anterior
thalamic
radiation
and
cortical
thickness
of
the
left
medial
frontal
cortex
,
and
between
thickness
of
the
left
medial
frontal
cortex
and
processing
speed
,
whereas
there
was
no
direct
dependency
between
lesion
volumes
in
the
left
anterior
thalamic
radiation
and
processing
speed
.
Our
results
suggest
that
the
medial
frontal
cortex
has
an
intermediate
position
between
lacunar
lesions
in
the
anterior
thalamic
radiation
and
deficits
in
processing
speed
.
In
contrast
,
we
did
not
observe
such
a
relationship
for
the
occipito-
temporal
region
.
These
findings
reinforce
the
key
role
of
frontal
-subcortical
circuits
in
cognitive
impairment
resulting
from
cerebral
small
vessel
disease
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cognitive impairment"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
cadasil
canavan disease
gm1 gangliosidosis
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria
hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius
kabuki syndrome
locked-in syndrome
phenylketonuria
sneddon syndrome
triple a syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated